odlingsyta + växtföljd = odlingsplan

[smallfarmers]

[reading swedish - writing english. apologies.]

In the handbook, the chapter on odlingsyta contains an incomplete (almost empty) quantities matrix. Furthermore, this list is not combined with växtföljd information. The forum contains the same gaps.

We wish to contribute, towards a comprehensive matrix, for the handbook, combining info about:

         1. ODLINGSZON I SVERIGE: WHAT CAN YOU GROW, AND WHEN?
         2. ODLINGSYTA (including spannmål and oljeväxter)
         3. VÄXTFÖLJD
         4. ODLINGSPLAN
         5. INDICATIVE TIMING (sowing/planting + harvesting)   

Who can help?


1. ODLINGSZON I SVERIGE

     Here's the odlingszonkarta:
     http://217.70.34.228/metoder/images/odlingszoner.gif
     Riksförbundet Svensk Trädgård has more detailed maps,
     available to her members only.

     We have a hard time finding appropriate information
     about what can be grown in which odlingszon,
     and when. Who knows sources?


2. NECESSARY QUANTITIES: ODLINGSYTA

   What is needed to be 100% self-sufficient,
        not only for family members,
   but also for the animals on the farm?

   A – VEGETABLES

      Somewhere we read: a person needs 150 kilo
                vegetables per year. In continental Europe,
                the harvest of vegetables ranges between 1-4 kilo per m2.
      Generalizing, that could be 80 m2 per person.
      How would this be in the different zones in Sweden?

   B – BREAD/POTATOES/BEANS

      Potatoes: in the Netherlands they say 15m2 per person,
                in Sweden we read 50m2 per person.
      Vete/råg: in the Netherlands they say 100m2 per person, for bread.
      Peas and beans: following a Dutch source, 100m2 per person (!?)

   C – OLJEVÄXTER

      5kg oil per person = 25m2 raps per person ? (=25 x 200g oil + 25 x 3kg cake)

   D – MEAT

      500 kg cereals per pig -> 1000 m2 ?
      sheep etc. > no idea.

      missing: beets, hay, ...

   E – WORK HORSES + FAMILY COW (MILK)

      Havre: roughly 1 ha havre for 2 work horses and 1 family cow
      Hö: (someone?)


3. VÄXTFÖLJD

   Hmm ... the quantity of potatoes needed (?), makes it very hard
        to properly include them in a växtföljd schedule.
        Would 30m2 per person be enough?

      1 x 10 m2      bladgrönsaker
      1 x 10 m2      kål
      1 x 10 m2      pumpa, tomato, majs
      3 x 10 m2      potatis
      2 x 10 m2      rotfrukter
      2 x 10 m2      böna etc.
      
      = 10 x 10 m2

   Including green manure, this could be the result, including rotation, on 100 m2 per person:      

   >>>
        potatis > rotfrukter > pumpa > böna
         > potatis > rotfrukter > green manure > kål
            > potatis > bladgrönsaker > böna > green manure   
                                             >>>

   Including potatis, but without spannmål or oljeväxter.
   Who has an example, including rotation for these as well?


4. ODLINGSPLAN

   Here's an example for odlingszon 2, found on an external blog.
   http://lott62.tradgardsblogg.se/?page_id=51#comment-34

   It doesn't include spannmål or oljeväxter,
        and only vegetables for human consumption,
   Neither does it answer the matrix above.

   Can we draft an update of the example below,
        based upon the afore mentioned 10 x 10?


   A1       Rödbetor, dill, spenat, mangold, rädisor, sallat,
         Ev. blåklint och sommarblommor

         Höstsådd: Dill/Morötter/Gul salladslök/Röd lök

   A2      Tidig potatis, majs och gurka

   B1      Kålväxter, pumpa, squash, selleri, palsternackor,
         rotpersilja och tomater

         Höstsådd: Spenat

   B2      Morot, lök, purjolök, svartrot, persilja, majrova,
                        gräslök
         ev Ringblomma och Tagetes

         Höstsådd: Vitlök

   C1      Gröngödsling

   C2       Ärtor bönor, någon efterkultur
         Bönor, Purjolök, Tagetes, Ringblomma

   D1 & D2   Potatis (sen)
         Någon efterkultur som ska stå över vintern
         Potatis – Jordärtskocka ; Mellan raderna
                        rädisor och bondbönor.



5. INDICATIVE TIMING

   So far, we can't find one single source in Sweden, containing
        time schedules for every single vegetable.
        In Belgium there's for example "Ecologisch tuinieren",
        containing a matrix per vegetable.


Example:

         
          Broccoli     J     F     M     A     M     J     J     A     S     O     N     D
                                        zzzzzzzzzzzzz      oooooooooooo
                                               pl pl pl pl


   Then it becomes very easy to make an overall time schedule for the whole season.
   Below an example from the Benelux.

   Two issues:

   - Its timing is way too optimistic for Sweden!
   - It doesn't contain spannmål or oljeväxter yet.


   FEBRUARY

   GREENHOUSE (COLD GLASS) – ekbladsallat, plocksallat
   GREENHOUSE (COLD GLASS) – spenat
   GREENHOUSE (COLD GLASS) – rädisa
   GREENHOUSE (COLD GLASS) – morötter
   GREENHOUSE (COLD GLASS) – mäche (vårklynne)

   MARCH

   GREENHOUSE (COLD GLASS) – (utsäde) kål
               (vitkål, rodkål, blomkål, broccoli, brysselkol, ...)
   GREENHOUSE (COLD GLASS) – (utsäde) selleri
   GREENHOUSE (COLD GLASS) – tomat
   GREENHOUSE (COLD GLASS) – gurka
   GREENHOUSE (COLD GLASS) – sättpotatis (pre-germination)

   OUTDOORS – lök
   OUTDOORS – schalottenlök
   OUTDOORS – morötter (early)
   OUTDOORS – ärt
   OUTDOORS – spenat
   OUTDOORS – mangold

   APRIL – NO DAY FROST

   OUTDOORS – potatis
   OUTDOORS – (utsäde) kål
               (vitkål, rodkål, blomkål, broccoli, brysselkol, ...)
   OUTDOORS – morötter
   OUTDOORS – scorsonera
   OUTDOORS – ärt
   OUTDOORS – sallat (under a cover)

   MAY – NO NIGHT FROST

   OUTDOORS – haricots verts
   OUTDOORS – tomat
   OUTDOORS – pumpa
   OUTDOORS – squash
   OUTDOORS – majs
   OUTDOORS – endive/chicon

   JUNE

   OUTDOORS – (plantera ut) kål
   OUTDOORS – (plantera ut) selleri
   OUTDOORS – sydcikoria
   OUTDOORS – böna

   Can someone rewrite this schedule, for Sweden, per odlingszon?
   In zone 3, for brassicas, one can probably start mid-April.
   For fast growing plants like squash and corn, one will rather start mid-May.
   Who can correct the above schedule?



6. TOWARDS A MATRIX

Who helps?

[JFOT]

Jordbruksverket har info om växtföljd och grödor.

Nu odlar jag inte spannmål men om jag skulle göra det så skulle jag bara fråga någon lantbrukare i närheten eller kanske hyra in LRF-konsult eller motsvarande för att få en genomgång av hur jorden jag har kan eller bör skötas. Det kostar lite men får jag bara någon procents högre avkastning så går det antagligen jämnt ut och undviker jag ett års av totalt misslyckande eller sjukdom så är det en stor vinst.