What is a limit?
It is not clear from the Planning and Building Act, PBL, or from its preliminary work what boundaries are intended when the layout is to be made at least 4.5 meters from the boundary. The most common boundaries are property and land boundaries. Sometimes these boundaries coincide and sometimes not. The Land and Environmental Court, MÖD, has stated in a judgment that the concept of boundary in PBL does not only include land boundary against another built land, but also boundary to road or street. There are also other types of boundaries that may be relevant, for example, the service limit or the lease limit. For erection done on leased land, the distance of 4.5 meters should be calculated from the boundary of the site that is leased. (cf. prop. 1985/86: 1 p. 697 and MEET 2013-06-07 case no P 105-13)
Who's next door?
It is not clear from PBL or from its preliminary work which are neighbors and may grant permission for placement closer than 4.5 meters from the border. For example, a neighbor may be a private person or a legal person in the form of a community, a company or an association. The municipality can also be a neighbor if the municipality is a property owner for, for example, a school, office or senior housing. By neighbor is meant not only someone who is owner but also others who have interests accepted by the legal system regarding land use. (MEET 2013-06-07 Case No. P 105-13 and MEET 2015-06-08 Case No. P 10150-14)
What neighbors can consent to?
It is not always possible to set up your boat, caravan or camper closer to the border than 4.5 meters because some neighbors cannot leave a neighbor's permit. The purpose of the neighbor's land is decisive for whether it is possible to grant a concession. So it is not the ownership or the principal of the land that determines.
For land both inside and outside the retail plan that is not available to the public, such as a plot, it is possible to give consent.
No one can give permission for a public place within the detailed plan, for example nature or park.
No one can give permission for a public place within a detailed plan that is road or street.
For roads outside of the detailed plan that is accessible to the public, no one can give consent.
For roads outside of the retail plan that are not accessible to the public, it should be possible to give consent.
For land outside the retail plan that is accessible to the public, such as a meadow or a forest, it should be possible to give consent.
(MEET 2013-06-07 Case No. P 105-13 and MEET 2015-06-08 Case No. P 10150-14)
Land not available to the public
It is possible for a neighbor to consent to placement near the border with land that is not available to the public. The most common situation is when someone is empty. For example, the plot can be for a single-family house, a multi-dwelling house or a business. It can also be undeveloped land, such as land used for storage or land that has not yet been built. The neighbor who can give consent can be a private person, a legal person, a municipality, a county council or the state. This applies regardless of whether the location is within or outside of the planned area.
https://www.boverket.se/sv/PBL-kunskapsbanken/lov--byggande/anmalningsplikt/bygglovbefriade-atgarder/bat-husvagn-och-husbil/If someone, such as a neighbor, is dissatisfied with the layout of a boat, caravan or camper, there is no decision to appeal. Instead, an inspection report may be made to the building committee. The Building Board will then initiate a supervisory case to investigate whether the measure contravenes the planning and building legislation. For example, the Building Board may need to make an assessment of whether the layout is a major inconvenience or if the layout has been done in a way that is dangerous to traffic. The Building Board shall make a decision in the supervision case where it is decided whether it contravenes or does not contravene any provision in the planning and building legislation. This decision can be appealed (cf. prop. 2013/14: 127 pages 58-60 and HFD 2011 note 93)
